Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a potentially serious complication that can occur after a bone marrow or stem cell transplant. In this condition, the donor cells (the graft) recognize the recipient's body as foreign and attack normal tissues, leading to a range of symptoms and complications. GVHD can affect the skin, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and other organs, and its severity can vary from mild to life-threatening. Research in the field of GVHD focuses on understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease, identifying risk factors, developing diagnostic tools, and improving treatment options. This includes investigating the role of immune cells, cytokines, and genetic factors in the development of GVHD, as well as exploring novel therapies such as immune modulation, targeted treatments, and stem cell engineering. The ultimate goal of research in this area is to improve outcomes for transplant patients and reduce the occurrence and impact of GVHD.